含双噪声源电路的类WKB法研究

本文首次尝试利用ＷＫＢ方法对双噪声原电路的Ｖａｎｄｅｒ Ｐｏｒ方程进行了讨论，并对倍加ＯＵ噪声和可加白噪声下的系统进行了数值计算，所得结果对调节含噪声源的电路有一定指导意义。     

空间有源消声的微机控制

本文讨论了通用微机控制空间有源消声，以修正的ＰＩＤ算法加上逻辑判断构成的控制软件，使得系统收敛迅速，跟踪速度快，消声效果令人满意，而且系统工作稳定可靠。     

Irregularity detection from noisy data in one and two dimensions

In this work we consider the problem of detecting the irregularities of univariate functions from noisy data and its extension to bivariate functions which present lines of points of irregularity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Noise reduction efforts for the ALS infrared beamlines

The quality of infrared microscopy and spectroscopy data collected at synchrotron based sources is strongly dependent on signal-to-noise. We have successfully identified and suppressed several noise sources affecting beamlines 1.4.2, 1.4.3, and 1.4.4 at the advanced light source (ALS), resulting in a significant increase in the quality of FTIR spectra obtained. In this paper, we present our methods of noise source analysis, the negative effect of noise on the infrared beam quality, and the techniques used to reduce the noise. These include reducing the phase noise in the storage ring radio-frequency (RF) system, installing an active mirror feedback system, analyzing and changing physical mounts to better isolate portions of the beamline optics from low-frequency environmental noise, and modifying the input signals to the main ALS RF system. We also discuss the relationship between electron beam energy oscillations at a point of dispersion and infrared beamline noise.     

Ensemble Dynamics of Intermittency and Power-Law Decay

A spectral decomposition of the Frobenius–Perron operator is constructed for one-dimensional maps with intermittent chaos, using the method of coherent states. A technique using the spectral density function is applied to the the well-known cusp map, which generates weak type-II intermittency. Higher-order corrections are obtained to the leading 1/t long-time behavior of the x–x autocorrelation.     

Simulations of measurements of fluorescence lifetimes using noise-modulated light

At the Pattern Recognition group at the Delft University of Technology, we are working on new ways to measure fluorescence lifetimes. There are two well-known ways to measure lifetimes; the phase method and the pulse method. In the phase method fluorescent material is stimulated by sinusoidally modulated light. The emitted fluorescent light will have the same modulation frequency, but there will be a phase shift between the excitation and the emission light. Measuring this phase shift will, after some simple calculation, give the lifetime of the fluorescent material. The second method is the pulse method. Short pulses of light are used to excite the material. The emitted light is detected, and from these measurements the decay curve of fluorescent light is determined. In our research we want to use a new method that may allow us to measure a mixture of lifetimes. We want to use excitation light that is modulated by a white noise signal. We are currently building an experimental setup for these measurements. We have been working on numerical and electrical simulations to investigate the properties of noise signals. Some results of these simulations are presented in this paper.     

Arc current fluctuation power spectra in the system of a solid metal electrode and carbonate melt

Arc current fluctuations between a solid metal electrode and a liquid melt of alkaline carbonates at atmospheric pressure are measured. Arc current fluctuation power spectra are determined from the measurement data. It is shown that the fluctuation power is inversely proportional to the frequency (1/f-fluctuations). The fluctuations have a normal Gaussian distribution. The observed 1/f fluctuations exhibit scale invariance. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 11–15, January–February, 2007.     

基于B样条迭代法的激光光条噪声去除技术研究

在基于线结构光的视觉测量系统中,激光光条中心的提取精度是影响系统最后精度的关键因素。目前常用的光条中心提取方法都没有去除光条上的干扰噪声,在分析现有方法的基础上提出了一种利用B样条迭代去除光条噪声的方法。以光条上的点作为控制顶点拟合B样条曲线,在同一位置下用B样条曲线上的点取代噪声点,这样反复修改噪声点的位置使其逐渐逼近实际曲线,从而达到去除噪声的目的。利用重心法提取去噪后光条的中心,着重分析了参与运算的像素的取值范围。通过对比实验证明该方法的提取精度远高于其它方法,从而验证了去除噪声的有效性。     

超声检测中的结构噪声

结构噪声是超声脉冲在介质结构上激发产生的一种特殊噪声，它严重妨碍超声检测，是超声检测的基本限制因素之一；但也可被利用进行某些检测。本文综述了有关结构噪声的基本研究，抑制或降低结构噪声的方法，以及在结构噪声背景下进行超声检测和利用结构噪声进行超声检测的有关工作。     

LP-stabilization problem for linear stochastic control systems with multiplicative noise

For the deterministic case, a linear controlled system is alwayspth order stable as long as we use the control obtained as the solution of the so-called LQ-problem. For the stochastic case, however, a linear controlled system with multiplicative noise is not alwayspth mean stable for largep, even if we use the LQ-optimal control. Hence, it is meaningful to solve the LP-optimal control problem (i.e., linear system,pth order cost functional) for eachp. In this paper, we define the LP-optimal control problem and completely solve it for the scalar case. For the multidimensional case, we get some results, but the general solution of this problem seems to be impossible. So, we consider thepth mean stabilization problem more intensively and give a sufficient condition for the existence of apth mean stabilizing control by using the contraction mapping method in a Hilbert space. Some examples are also given.This research was conducted while the author was a visitor at the Forschungsschwerpunkt Dynamische Systeme, Universität Bremen, Bremen, West Germany. The author is grateful to Professor L. Arnold for providing interesting seminars and excellent working conditions during his stay. The financial assistance given by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation during the author's stay is also gratefully acknowledged.